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RAF History

The Royal Air Force is the oldest independent air force and has been defending the British skies for more than 100 years. In this hub, you'll find details about the history of the RAF, including the founding of the air force, key Second World War operations, and RAF squadrons and sections.

Sir Michael Graydon

"The Gulf War was transformational for the RAF" – Sir Michael Graydon

To mark the 30th anniversary of the end of the Gulf War, Sir Michael Graydon shared his memories of the conflict and discussed its impact on the Royal Air Force as a…

5 April 2021
Paul Godfrey

From Croydon to Space Command: Air Vice-Marshal Godfrey on the final frontier

In celebration of the RAF Air Cadet's 80th anniversary, we spoke to Air Vice-Marshal Paul Godfrey, the inaugural commander of the United Kingdom's new Space Command.

31 March 2021
Flight Lieutenant Chris Wilce

"Nothing but good memories"

This year is the 80th anniversary of the Air Training Corps. We spoke to Flight Lieutenant Chris Wilce, Officer Commanding, the RAF Falcon Parachute Display Team, about…

Air Cdre Paul Rose

"What you learn will stay with you for life"

As we celebrate the 80th anniversary of the RAF Air Cadets, Air Commodore Paul Rose MBE, Head of Helicopters 3 within Defence Equipment and Support, looks back at where…

16 March 2021
John Nichol

John Nicol: My experience as a prisoner of war

John Nicol was 27 when he was shot down during the first Gulf War in Iraq in 1991. As a Tornado navigator with the RAF at the time, he was subsequently captured,…

28 February 2021
Kirsty Murphy and dad

My dad was shot down and captured during the Gulf War

For Blades and former Red Arrow pilot Kirsty Murphy the 30th anniversary of the end of the Gulf War marks a more personal milestone.

23 February 2021

The founding of the Royal Air Force

The RAF was founded on 1st April 1918, when the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) and Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) were merged in response to the events of the First World War. The newly created RAF was the most powerful air force in the world, with over 20,000 aircraft and 300,000 personnel. At the end of the First World War, the RAF was reduced in size and took on the task of policing the British Empire using air power. However, it then underwent rapid expansion prior to, and during, the Second World War.

Key Second World War operations

During the Second World War, the RAF was responsible for the aerial defence of Britain, as well as the strategic bombing of Germany. RAF squadrons also provided tactical support to the British Army around the world. The Battle of Britain was a defining operation for the RAF, who held off the Luftwaffe in one of the most complex ongoing air campaigns in history, during the summer of 1940.

Royal Air Force Squadrons and Sections

The RAF is made up of squadrons that can fly aircraft or be ground based, covering a diverse range of roles, such as combat, training, reconnaissance, and equipment testing. Sections include the RAF regiments, a specialist corps founded by Royal Warrant in 1942 with the aim to respond to a wide range of threats, whenever and wherever necessary.